安裝Flask-Login
pip install Flask-Login
app.py
from flask import Flask, jsonify, request, abort, redirect, url_for
from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy
from flask_login import LoginManager, UserMixin, login_user, logout_user, login_required, current_user
app = Flask(__name__)
app.config['SECRET_KEY'] = 'your_secret_key_here'
app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI'] = 'sqlite:///users.db'
app.config['SQLALCHEMY_TRACK_MODIFICATIONS'] = False
db = SQLAlchemy(app)
login_manager = LoginManager(app)
login_manager.login_view = 'login'
# 用戶模型
class User(UserMixin, db.Model):
id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
username = db.Column(db.String(150), unique=True, nullable=False)
password = db.Column(db.String(150), nullable=False)
@login_manager.user_loader
def load_user(user_id):
return User.query.get(int(user_id))
@app.route('/login', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def login():
if request.method == 'POST':
username = request.form['username']
password = request.form['password']
user = User.query.filter_by(username=username).first()
if user and user.password == password:
login_user(user)
return redirect(url_for('dashboard'))
else:
return 'Invalid credentials', 401
return '''
<form method="POST">
<input type="text" name="username" placeholder="Username" required><br>
<input type="password" name="password" placeholder="Password" required><br>
<input type="submit" value="Login">
</form>
'''
@app.route('/logout')
@login_required
def logout():
logout_user()
return redirect(url_for('login'))
@app.route('/dashboard')
@login_required
def dashboard():
return f'Hello, {current_user.username}! Welcome to your dashboard.'
@app.route('/protected')
@login_required
def protected():
return 'This is a protected route. You are logged in.'
if __name__ == '__main__':
db.create_all() # 創建數據庫
app.run(debug=True)
使用 SQLAlchemy 的交互式 shell 來創建用戶:
>>> from app import db, User
>>> user = User(username='admin', password='admin')
>>> db.session.add(user)
>>> db.session.commit()
確保安裝所有必要的依賴
pip install Flask Flask-Login Flask-SQLAlchemy
設置 FLASK_APP 環境變量
Windows 上(命令提示符)
set FLASK_APP=app.py
啟動 Flask 應用
flask run